Original Research Article
Year: 2020 | Month: October | Volume: 7 | Issue: 10 | Pages: 125-129
An Observational Study to Evaluate Risk Factors and Prevalence Associated with Peripheral Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Coronary Artery Disease
Birendra Sharma1, Sonu Ranjan Sharma2
1Physician, Criticare Hospital & Maternity Centre, Muzaffarpur, Bihar
2Obstetrician & Gynecologist, Criticare Hospital & Maternity Centre, Muzaffarpur, Bihar
Corresponding Author: Birendra Sharma
ABSTRACT
Aim & Objective: One of the major microvascular complications that are associated with diabetes is peripheral artery disease which also known as arteriosclerosis obliterans. There are several research papers which already confirm the effect of PAD on vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The main objective of this study is to evaluate risk factors and prevalence associated with peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus with coronary artery disease.
Materials & Methods: 150 randomly selected patients were interviewed with a predesigned questionnaire in addition to a detailed physical examination and case history. CAD in patients was diagnosed by any past history of CAD, medication taken for CAD, ECG changes or any history of angina. Ankle brachial index (ABI) screening was done through Hand held Doppler. Data was collected in Microsoft Excel and analysed.
Results: 150 patients were randomly selected from patients who are attending the daily clinics. Demographic details of the participants were listed in table 1. Among participants 90 (60%) patients were male and rest 60 (40%) patients were female. Mean age of participants were 61.08 ± 8.1 years were as this were almost same for both men and women. 78% of participant had family history of diabetes along with 78% patients had family history of hypertension. 56.6% male patients were obese whereas 68% of female patients belongs to obese category. CAD as assessed by history of angina, ECG changes, any past history of CAD or any treatment taken for CAD was present in 60% (men: 54.4% and women: 68.3%). Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the study group were listed in table 2. 22.6% patients were smoker while 61.3% patients having BMI >25kg/m2.
Conclusion: PAD was found to be significantly correlated with uncontrolled diabetes and associated CAD. Thus all patients who have high risk factors of cardiovascular disease and metabolic disease should screened with ABI to diagnosed Pad. PAD can alert physic for diabetes patient to prevent underlying CAD.
Keywords: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), diabetes, Coronary artery disease (CAD), Ankle-brachial index (ABI).
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