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Year: 2026 | Month: September | Volume: 13 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 321-336

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20260931

A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Seated and Standing Medicine Ball Throw Performance in Young Adults

Nidhi Panchal¹, Bhavy Sukhadia²

¹Assistant Professor, Shree M. M. Shah Physiotherapy College, Mahemdavad, Gujarat, India
²Internship student, Shree M. M. Shah Physiotherapy College, Mahemdavad, Gujarat, India

Corresponding Author: Nidhi Panchal

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Muscular power is an important component of physical performance, particularly during explosive movements. Medicine ball throw tests are widely used as practical field-based measures of explosive power. Seated and standing throws differ in their biomechanical demands because standing throws involve the lower limbs and trunk in addition to the upper extremities. However, limited research has directly compared seated and standing medicine ball throw performance in young adults.
Aim: To compare seated and standing medicine ball throw performance among healthy young adults and determine whether body position significantly influences throwing performance.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 104 healthy young adults (57 males and 47 females). Each participant performed three trials of both seated and standing medicine ball throws, and the average distance was recorded. Descriptive statistics to assess the data, followed by a paired samples t-test to compare seated and standing throw performance. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Result: The mean seated medicine ball throw distance was 275.86 ± 64.48 cm, while the mean standing medicine ball throw distance was 341.65 ± 79.51 cm. The standing throw distance was 65.79 cm greater than the seated throw distance. A paired samples t-test demonstrated a statistically significant difference between seated and standing medicine ball throw performance (t(103) = 20.96, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Standing medicine ball throw performance was significantly greater than seated performance in young adults, indicating that body position influences throwing performance and the contribution of the whole-body kinetic chain.

Keywords: Upper limb strength, Dynamometer, Seated medicine ball test, Standing medicine ball test.

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