Year: 2026 | Month: July | Volume: 13 | Issue: 7 | Pages: 628-634
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20260765
The Effectiveness of Phytoremediation in Fish Pond Wastewater Using Various Plant Species to Improve Water Quality
Gusti Muhammad Furqon Sya’bani1, Fatmawati2, Agung Nugroho3, Abdul Hadi4
1Master Program of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, Postgraduate Program, Lambung Mangkurat University
2Aquaculture Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Lambung Mangkurat University
3Agro-Industrial Technology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University
4Soil Science Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University
Corresponding Author: Gusti Muhammad Furqon Sya’bani
ABSTRACT
The increase in fish farming activities has led to the accumulation of organic waste from feces and uneaten feed, which contain high levels of ammonia and phosphate. If left unmanaged, this waste can trigger eutrophication and threaten the survival of fish due to declining water quality. Phytoremediation has emerged as an environmentally friendly technology that utilizes aquatic plants to neutralize these pollutants. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of various phytoremediation plants in improving the quality of fish pond effluent, evaluate the pollution index (PI) of the water, and test the suitability of the treated water for the survival rate of goldfish. This study was conducted at the Sugih Makmur Fish Farming Group (Pokdakan) in Banjarbaru, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experimental method with five treatments and three replicates. The treatments tested included Control (without plants), Mosquito fern (A), Water lettuce (B), Water Hyacinth (C), and Salvinia (D), each with a plant mass of 100 grams in 10 liters of water from a catfish pond. The water quality parameters measured were pH, PO4, BOD, DO, and ammonia. The results of the study show that salvinia (D) and Water Hyacinth (C) are the most effective in improving water quality. Water hyacinth was able to drastically increase dissolved oxygen (DO) levels from 0.6 mg/L to 5.87 mg/L and reduce ammonia from 2.18 mg/L to 0.03 mg/L. Based on the Pollution Index (PI), treatments C (0.90) and D (0.91) successfully changed the water status from “Slightly Polluted” to “Meets Quality Standards.” This positively correlated with the survival rate of goldfish, which reached a maximum of 93% in both treatments, compared to only 40% in the control group. In conclusion, the use of water hyacinth and salvinia is highly recommended as an efficient and environmentally friendly wastewater management system for aquaculture.
Keywords: Phytoremediation, Water Quality, Pollution Index (PI), Survival Rate (SR)
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