Year: 2026 | Month: May | Volume: 13 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 642-648
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20260561
The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of Green Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Extract Against Root Canal Bacteria Staphylococcus aureus in vitro
Caroline Tjandrawati1, Raditya Nugroho2, Sri Lestari3
1Dentistry Study Program, 2,3Department of Conservative Dentistry,
Jember University, Jember, Indonesia
Corresponding Author: Caroline Tjandrawati
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are pathogenic bacteria which can be found as high as 20% embedded within an infected pulp and root canal. Once infected, they must undergo immediate intensive treatment which must be accompanied by irrigation to kill S. aureus colonies. NaOCl 2,5% and EDTA 17% are commonly used solutions in root canal treatment. Although common, NaOCl 2,5% and EDTA 17% have been reported to have negative side effects if the periapical tissue is penetrated. Therefore, a natural irrigation solution such as green okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is needed as an alternative because it is abundant in secondary metabolic compounds which serve as an antibacterial agent. This research was meant to establish the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of green okra extract (GOE) against the colonies of S. aureus.
Methods: This study was in vitro laboratory experimental research with a Posttest Only Control Group Design. The samples used in this research were, NaOCl 2,5%, EDTA 17%, aquadest, and GOE of 6,25%, 12,5%, and 25% concentrations respectively. MBC was determined by counting the number of colonies that grew on the Petri dish containing Mueller-Hinton agar containing 0,1 ml of S. aureus suspension.
Results: The average growth of S. aureus colonies in GOE of 6,25%, 12,5%, and 25% concentrations, were 35, 11, and 0 colonies respectively. Aquadest which served as negative control had 177 colonies. Meanwhile, NaOCl 2,5% and EDTA 17% which served as positive control didn’t show any signs of S. aureus colonies growth.
Conclusions: The MBC of GOE against S. aureus bacteria was found at 25% concentration. The GOE of 25% concentration was as effective as NaOCl 2,5% and EDTA 17% in killing S. aureus colonies.
Keywords: Minimum bactericidal concentration, green okra, Abelmoschus esculentus, Staphylococcus aureus, Root canal treatment.
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