Year: 2026 | Month: April | Volume: 13 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 488-492
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20260450
Superficial Quadriceps Tendon Graft for ACL Reconstruction
Made Ramanda Bramasta Pramana1, I Gusti Ngurah Wien Aryana2
1Resident, Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
2Orthopaedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
Corresponding Author: Made Ramanda Bramasta Pramana
ABSTRACT
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction remains the standard treatment for symptomatic anterior cruciate ligament deficiency in active patients, and graft selection continues to influence postoperative stability, donor-site morbidity, and return-to-sport outcomes. This review summarized the anatomy and function of the anterior cruciate ligament, the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment principles of anterior cruciate ligament rupture, and the current role of superficial quadriceps tendon graft in reconstruction. The available literature showed that superficial quadriceps tendon graft provided a large cross-sectional area, predictable graft diameter, and favorable biomechanical properties with lower anterior knee pain and less donor-site morbidity than bone-patellar tendon-bone grafts. When compared with hamstring grafts, quadriceps-based grafts achieved similar or better stability while preserving hamstring strength. Compared with allografts, synthetic grafts, and xenografts, superficial quadriceps tendon autograft generally showed more reliable biologic incorporation and lower failure risk in young or high-demand patients. Overall, superficial quadriceps tendon graft appeared to be a strong and safe option for primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, although further long-term studies and standardized harvesting techniques are still needed.
Keywords: anterior cruciate ligament, ACL reconstruction, superficial quadriceps tendon, quadriceps tendon graft, autograft
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