Year: 2025 | Month: May | Volume: 12 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 625-630
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20250565
Underground Cable Fault Detection System Using ESP32
Dr. Sarin Vijay Mythry1, S. Jayanth2, M. Sri Charan3, Sk. Abu Bakar4, P. Lokesh5
1,2,3,4,5Department of ECE Vignan Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, India.
Corresponding Author: Sk. Abu Bakar
ABSTRACT
The "Underground Cable Fault Detection System using ESP32" is an innovative solution aimed at accurately identifying and localizing faults in underground electrical cables. Traditional methods of fault detection are time-consuming and require extensive manual effort. This system leverages the ESP32 microcontroller, known for its advanced processing capabilities and wireless connectivity, to provide a cost-effective and efficient alternative.
The system operates by injecting a low DC voltage into the cable network and measuring the resulting impedance at regular intervals. Voltage dividers and sensors are used to detect abnormalities in resistance values, which indicate the presence of a fault. The ESP32 processes this data and determines the exact distance to the fault location using the principle of Ohm's Law. Real-time fault data is transmitted wirelessly to a monitoring system or displayed on an LCD for quick reference.
This approach reduces downtime by enabling precise fault localization and minimizing excavation and repair costs. The system is scalable, suitable for various industrial and domestic applications, and can be integrated with IoT platforms for enhanced monitoring. This project significantly improves the maintenance and management of underground cable networks by providing a reliable, real-time solution for fault detection.
Keywords: Cable Fault Detection, ESP32, Time-Domain Reflectometry, Fault Localisation, IoT based monitoring.
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