Original Research Article
Year: 2023 | Month: July | Volume: 10 | Issue: 7 | Pages: 650-655
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230776
Relationship Between Nutrition Status (MNA) and Fall Risk (FRQ) in Elderly Patients
Muhammad Hazmi Sinulingga1, Dina Aprillia Ariestine2, Ariantho Sidasuha Purba3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra
2Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra
Corresponding Author: Muhammad Hazmi Sinulingga
ABSTRACT
Background: The process of getting older causes a decrease in physical abilities so that it can trigger an increased risk of falling in the elderly, especially in hospitals. The incidence of falls in the elderly results in a decrease in physical activity and independence of the elderly. Malnutrition in the elderly is one of the causes of high morbidity and hospitalization rates, but malnutrition often goes undetected. To find out the nutritional status of the elderly, you can use the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) which is considered to have a reliable scale and clear boundaries.Fall incident may be caused by disease, inactivity, inadequate nutritional intake, repeated hospitalizations, poor dental hygiene and/or physiological changes such as decreased metabolic rate. The Fall Risk Questionnaire (FRQ) is a tool for assessing the risk of falling in the elderly. Research on the relationship between the risk of falling and the nutritional status of elderly patients is still rare.
Objective: To find out the relationship between nutritional status and the risk of falling in the elderly in Medan City in 2023.
Research Methods: This study used a cross sectional design. The research subjects used were the elderly who went to Padang Bulan Village in January 2023 – June 2023 and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The minimum number of samples is 90 people. The study was conducted by distributing the MNA and FRQ questionnaires to the sample. To determine the relationship between nutritional status and the risk of falling in the elderly in the city of Medan, the Fisher's exact test was used and continued with the Somer's D directional test.
Results: Of the 90 samples, the youngest was 60 years old and the oldest was 90 years with an average age of 65.31 years. Age dominance was found in the age range of 60-70 years as many as 77 people. The smallest body weight is 37.8 kg and the largest is 86.1 kg with an average body weight of 62.08 kg. The shortest height is 133cm and the highest is 171cm with an average sample height of 151.79cm. The smallest BMI is 19.23 and the largest is 34.93 with an average BMI of 26.90. The nutritional status of the sample was found to be normal in 55 people, 6 people at risk of malnutrition and 29 people with malnutrition. The risk of falling in the sample found a low risk of 65 people and a high risk of 25 people. Found a significant relationship between nutritional status and the risk of falling in elderly patients with a value of p = 0.
Conclusion: There is a relationship between nutritional status and the risk of falling in elderly patients with a low relationship category range. Decreased nutritional status will increase the risk of falling in the elderly
Keywords: Nutritional status, Risk of falling, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Fall Risk Questionnaire
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