Original Research Article
Year: 2023 | Month: July | Volume: 10 | Issue: 7 | Pages: 477-487
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230758
Administration of Spirulina Ethanol Extract Gel Made Malondialdehyde Levels Lower and Collagen Density Higher in Wound Healing Wistar Rat Model Diabetes Mellitus
Jeane Cynthia Wongso1, Agung Wiwiek Indrayani2, Ni Made Linawati3, I da Ayu Ika wahyuniari4, Susy Purnawati5, Putu Ayu Asri Damayanti6
1Biomedical Master Program, 2Department of Pharmacology, 3Department of Histology, 4Department of
Histology, 5Department of Physiology, 6Department of Parasitology
Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
Corresponding Author: Jeane Cynthia Wongso
ABSTRACT
Background: Wound in diabetes mellitus becomes a major problem. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in diabetes cause peroxidative phospholipid damage and lead to malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. Malondialdehyde levels in diabetes are increasing significantly and cause complications. The MDA reaction affects collagen which interferes with the normal process of wound healing. Flavonoids in Spirulina sp. acts as an antioxidant by increasing antioxidant enzymes to reduce the amount of ROS. Flavonoids increase collagen through stimulating keratinocytes against fibroblasts, preventing oxidative damage to cells thereby accelerating wound healing. This study aims to determine the administration of spirulina ethanol extract gel makes MDA levels lower and collagen density higher in wound healing in Wistar rats’ model of diabetes mellitus.
Methods: This research was conducted from November 2022 to January 2023 using an experimental posttest only control group design, using 30 male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain aged 3 months, body weight 180-200 grams, which were divided into five groups, group P1 not induced by streptozotocin (STZ) excised wound and given NaCMC gel, group P2 induced STZ with blood sugar ≥150 mg/dL had wound excised and given 0.1% Gentamicin ointment, group P3 induced STZ had excision wound smeared with 10% Spirulina gel, the STZ-induced P4 group had the wound excised and given 15% Spirulina gel, and the STZ-induced P5 group had the wound excised and given 20% Spirulina gel. Statistical test was used One Way ANOVA.
Results: The results showed that the average amount of MDA in the P5 group (0.470 nmol/mL) was lower than the other groups, where the average amount of MDA in the P4 group (0.592 nmol/mL), the P3 group (0.679 nmol/mL), the P2 group (0.732 nmol/mL) mL) (p=<0.001). The mean number of % pixel collagen density in the comparison of each group was not significantly different, in the P5 group (69.30), the P4 group (64.76), the P3 group (65.97) and the P2 group (49.53) (p= 0.116).
Conclusion: Administration of 20% Spirulina ethanol extract gel was more effective in reducing malondialdehyde levels in the wound healing of Wistar rats’ model of diabetes mellitus than control group. Administration of Spirulina ethanol extract gel did not differ in making collagen density higher compared to control group. Spirulina can be used as an alternative drug with the ability as an antioxidant.
Keywords: spirulina ethanol extract gel, malondialdehyde, collagen, wounds of Wistar rats, diabetes mellitus
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