Original Research Article
Year: 2019 | Month: March | Volume: 6 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 1-7
Relationship between Index Finger Print and Lip Print Pattern among Nigerians in Port Harcourt
Omuruka T.C.1, Ibeachu C.P.1, Aigbogun(Jr) E.O.1*
1Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Nigeria
*Corresponding Author: Aigbogun(Jr) E.O
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Genetically, genes located close to each other on the chromosome have greater chances of being inherited together, therefore influencing each other. Technological deficiencies may not permit genome mapping, however the traits that are produced from such genes are likely to show strong associations. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the association between index finger and lip print pattern among Nigerians.
Materials and methods: A total of 450 subjects comprising of 212 (47%) males and 238 (53%) females selected from Port Harcourt were used for this study. Oghenemavwe and Osaat digital finger and lip print capture technique were adopted for this study. Clearly obtained prints were transferred to a laptop via USB connection and the prints were magnified using the zooming tool. Finger prints were determined by observing the primary configuration (arch, loop and whorl) while lip prints were obtained by dividing the lip into four quadrants (upper quadrant [UQ] and lower quadrant [LQ]; L & R) which were independently accessed for the predominant lip print using Suzuki and Tsuchihashi’s classification (Types; I, I’, II, III, IV, and V). Statistical analysis was performed using XLSTAT (Addinsoft Version 2015.4.01.21575). Chi-square was used to determine the trend in the distributions, while lip print pattern and index finger print were cross-tabulated and evaluated for association. P<0.05 (at 95% confidence level) was taken to be significant.
Results: The predominant print type on index finger was loop; 174 (38.7%) on the right (R) and 186 (41.3%) on the left (L) which were sex determined for both fingers (R; χ2=7.05, p=0.03 and L; χ2=6.39, p=0.04). The lip print exhibited predominant differences in the upper and lower lip print. The upper lip was predominantly type III (243 [27%]) while the lower lip was type I (319 [35.4%]). The distribution in male and female was significantly different, only for the right quadrant of the upper lip (χ2=16.39, p=0.01).When the index fingerprint distribution was related to lip print, loop co-related more with Type III at the upper lip (URQ; 30.5%, ULQ; 29.3%) while the lower lip had a mix of Type I and whorl (LRQ; 38.6%) and loop (LLQ; 36.8%). The associations were not significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The distribution of the print patterns on the index finger and lips are independent of each other and therefore, the inheritance of lip print and finger print cannot be said to be genetically linked.
Key words: Co-relation, Distribution, Index finger print, Lip print, Nigerians.
[PDF Full Text]